KuMir ( TO set U educational WORLD ov) is a freely distributed cross-platform Russian-language programming system designed for initial training in the basics of algorithmization. Download KuMir 1.9 You can visit the developers’ website or the official project website.

Advantages:

• freely distributed environment (GPL 2.0 license);
• cross-platform ( Windows, Linux);
• support from Russian developers (NIISI RAS);

• Russian-language programming language commands;
• advanced program debugging capabilities;
• automatic alignment showing program structure;
• the ability to create task templates with automatic verification;
• the ability to manage performers from the program;
• possibility of connecting new performers.

Flaws::

• it is difficult to motivate students to learn a language that is not used anywhere;
• very slow work of the interpreter (they promise to speed it up significantly in version 2.0, which is currently being developed);

• you cannot change the values ​​of arguments inside auxiliary algorithms (for example, in the implementation of the Euclidean algorithm as a function, you have to introduce two extra variables);
• you cannot call a function as a procedure, ignoring its result (for example, when the result of the function is the return code and in this case I am not interested in it);
• inconvenient and incomplete help system;
• there is no formatted output to the console and to a file, as in Pascal (such as output x:4); this is necessary, for example, to display a matrix on the screen in even columns.

It is planned that KuMir will be one of the programming systems allowed when conducting the computer version of the Unified State Exam in computer science (for details, see the blog).

This page presents the author's methodological developments on the use of the KuMir environment in grades 6-8 of a secondary school.

News now also in the Telegram channel

April 2, 2019
Job posted E.V. Drozhzhina“Algorithmics on Idol. Collection of programming assignments" (Belgorod, 2016).

December 19, 2017
A workshop has been added to prepare for the OGE in computer science (task 20.1 with Robot).

March 1, 2013
Materials have been added to the report “Workshops with automatic verification of solutions in the KuMir environment” at the V International Pedagogical Marathon of Academic Subjects (February 28 - March 1, 2013, Velikiye Luki).

January 27, 2013
Added workshop “Tasks C2” for preparing for the Unified State Exam in computer science.

October 12, 2012
The report “Programming in Russian” was added at the Seventh Interregional Scientific and Practical Conference “Development of the Regional Educational Information Environment”.

April 11, 2012
Added a test for the performer Robot (in the form of a course).

License agreement

1. 1) publication of materials in any form, including posting of materials on other Web sites;
2. 2) distribution of incomplete or altered materials;
3. 3) inclusion of materials in collections on any media;
4. 4) obtaining commercial benefits from the sale or other use of materials.

Downloading materials means you accept the terms of this license agreement.

OGE in computer science

The workshop for preparing for the OGE in computer science contains 7 sections representing different types of problems:

1. Closed corridor.
2. One wall.
3. One row, many walls.
4. Two rows.
5. Walls with passages.
6. Stairs.
7. Various complex tasks.

Course materials:

Arrays

The array processing workshop consists of two parts. The first part (“Arrays-1”) contains 6 sections:

1. Filling the array.
2. Processing all array elements.
3. Minimum and maximum.
4. Counting array elements.
5. Sums and products of elements.
6. Search in an array.

The second part (“Arrays-2”) contains 6 sections:

1. Reverse the array.
2. Cyclic shift of elements.
3. Selection of array elements by condition.
4. Bubble sorting.
5. Sorting by selection method.
6. Binary search.

Course materials:

• Workshop "Arrays-1"
• Test for the first part of the course (also in course format:-).
• Teachers can get solutions e-mail .

Character strings

The tutorial on processing character strings contains 5 sections:

1. Working with individual characters.
2. Replacing characters.
3. Character counting.
4. Parsing character strings.
5. Evaluating arithmetic expressions.

Course materials:

• Workshop “Strings” for use in the KuMir environment (version no lower than 1.8).
• Teachers can get solutions all tasks of the workshop. To do this, you need to contact the author by email.

Functions

The workshop on composing function algorithms contains 6 sections:

1. Functions with one parameter.
2. Functions with multiple parameters.
3. Processing character strings.
4. Logic functions.
5. Processing arrays.
6. Recursive functions.

Course materials:

• Workshop “Functions” for use in the KuMir environment (version no lower than 1.8).
• Teachers can get solutions all tasks of the workshop. To do this, you need to contact the author by email.

Preparation for the Unified State Exam in computer science

The workshop on solving problems C2 (see also materials for preparing for the Unified State Exam) contains 5 sections:

1. Highs and lows.
2. Counting and searching for elements.
3. Sums, averages and products.
4. Sequences.
5. Matrices.

Course materials:

• Workshop “Tasks C2” for use in the KuMir environment (version no lower than 1.8).
• Teachers can get solutions all tasks of the workshop. To do this, you need to contact the author by email.

Aquarius

The Aquarius performer course consists of 6 lessons:

• Lesson 0. Meet the performer Aquarius. Control using remote control.
• Lesson 1. Drawing up a program for managing Aquarius.
• Lesson 2. Cycles "N times".
• Lesson 3.
• Lesson 4. Variables.
• Lesson 5. Branching.

Course materials:

Robot

The Robot Performer course consists of 12 lessons:

• Lesson 1. Meet the performer Robot. Linear algorithms.
• Lesson 2. Cycles "N times".
• Lesson 3. Cycles “N times” (problem solving).
• Lesson 4. Nested loops.
• Lesson 5. Conditional loops (while loops).
• Lesson 6. Branching.
• Lesson 7. Difficult conditions.
• Lesson 8. Auxiliary algorithms.
• Lesson 9. Variables.
• Lesson 10. Algorithms with results (function algorithms).
• Lesson 11. Loops with a variable.
• Lesson 12. Algorithms with parameters.

Course materials:

• Presentation

Useful materials

This section will contain freely distributed programs. This will be convenient for target visitors.

Features of the KuMir system The KuMir system uses a school algorithmic language with Russian vocabulary and built-in executors Robot and Draftsman. When entering a program, KuMir carries out constant full control of its correctness, reporting in the fields of the program

Algorithmization course using Kumir system executors and automatic testing

For the last three years in the 7th math class of school No. 179, a significant part of the computer science course has been spent studying the basics of algorithmization using the example of the Kumir system performers. The purpose of the course is to study the basics of algorithmization, develop an understanding of programming, and learn how to compose simple algorithms.

Three performers are used - “Aquarius” (creation of the simplest algorithms, understanding the idea of ​​the algorithm), “Robot” (the main part of the course, studying all algorithmic structures and many algorithms), “Turtle” (repetition of the course, connection with geometry and trigonometry, recursive construction algorithms fractals).

The course is practice-oriented. A minimal amount of theory is presented (as a rule, it only tells how the basic algorithmic structures are structured and provides examples of writing programs). Mostly, schoolchildren are engaged in solving problems, of which schoolchildren are given a total of about 300 during the year.

Archive with course assignments for the Robot performer

Distribution of the Idol system

For an introductory course using performers, school 179 uses Idol with the “Course Support Module” - IPC. MPC support is included in stable versions of the Idol system only starting from version 1.8.0. Versions of Idol before 1.8.0 do not support courses, please install a newer version.

1. For Windows systems – install version 1.8.0 of the Idol system from the developers’ website. Link:

http://lpm.org.ru/kumir2/files/1.8.0/kumir-1.8.0.rev2565-windows-32bit-setup.exe Versions of Kumir before 1.8.0 do not contain the “Course Support Module”, so this version is needed 1.8.0.

2. For the ALT Linux School 5 system – you need to connect the repository version 5.1 and install the kumir package from the 5.1 repository. Detailed installation instructions on Alt Linux.

3. For other Linux distributions, you can try to build a package from the source codes.

Launch of the IPC

To open the IPC window, use the Idol system menu “Tools” - “Workshop”.

Archive of tasks for performers Aquarius and Robot

Tasks for performers Aquarius and Robot (0–16) are completed using the IPC. Need to download

archive with tasks, open the file from the IPC vodoley.kurs.xml or robot.kurs.xml. This xml file contains descriptions of tasks, task conditions, links to algorithm templates, examples of starting conditions for testing, testing algorithms. This file can be edited using a simple text editor (carefully), or using the IPC course editor by running Idol in teacher mode (command kumir -t).

The student should save the course in his/her working directory in a file named e.g. ivanov.work.xml. This file stores the texts of solutions created by the student and the results of checking his problems. Subsequently, the student must open his own working file *.work.xml.

In the examples of starting situations, the letter “A” denotes the cell where the robot is located before the algorithm is executed, the letter “B” denotes the cell into which the robot must be moved, and the asterisks in the lower right corner indicate the cells that the robot must paint over.

Tasks for the performer Turtle

Tasks for the performer Turtle are completed without the use of the IPC - tasks are checked only by the teacher. You can look at the conditions of the assignments on the 7th grade page.

Instructions for completing tasks at home

There are separate instructions for students completing assignments at home and transferring completed assignments to school.

License for course materials

The work “Algorithmization course using the Kumir system performers and automatic testing” created by D.P. Kiriyenko is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution - Non-Commercial Use - Subject to Conditions license.

Links

Kumir system website: http://www.niisi.ru/kumir Kumir development website:

Taken from the website of school No. 179.

Implementation of the Stack in KuMir.

| use Robot

whole tab a

whole acc, r

int currentIndex

output("Push a number on the stack")

currentIndex:= 1

currentIndex:=put(currentIndex,acc,p)

currentIndex:=take(currentIndex,p)

output("Job completed")

alg int put (int currentIndexPut, int accPut, res int r)

free:=currentIndexPut

a:=accPut

alg int take (int currentIndexTake, res int p)

free:=currentIndexTake

output a

All about the Arduino controller. http://arduino.ua/ru/prog/

Download the Idol environment for installation at home: http://lpm.org.ru/kumir2/files[..]dows-32bit-setup.exe

Download the archive with a course of tasks to complete at home: . The archive is updated regularly!

Installation Idol

2. Run the downloaded exe file. You may need to run the file with administrator rights (Context menu - Run as administrator):

3. As a rule, you can answer all questions during installation in a standard way.

Course structure

1. The course with tasks consists of the kumir directory, which contains the robot.kurs.xml file with a description of the course, a subdirectory robot with examples of robot starting environments and program templates. All these files are packaged in one zip archive, located at . This archive is regularly updated as new tasks become available.

2. Your personal decisions and the results of their verification are stored in the robot.work.xml file, which is located in your home directory. Thus, in order to get an exact copy of the course and completed tasks at home, you need to download the zip archive with the course, unpack it at home, and also get a copy of the robot.work.xml file by sending it to yourself by email or transferring it to a USB Flash.

Work at home

1. Launch Idol, open the course window (menu "Tools - Workshop"). Click the "Download Course" button and select the robot.work.xml file (the file with your solutions).

After opening the robot.work.xml file, you will see an error message - Idol cannot find the course assignments contained in the robot.kurs.xml file (because this file is in a different directory).

Specify the path to the robot.kurs.xml file.

After this you can complete the following tasks:

Transferring completed assignments from home to school

Send the robot.work.xml file by email or transfer it to a USB Flash. When you open this file at school you will see the same error message, point to the course file /home/pub/tasks/kumir/robot.kurs.xml.

For an introductory course using performers, Idol is used with the “Course Support Module” - IPC, developed by D.P. Kiriyenko, Moscow. MPC support is included in stable versions of the Idol system only starting from version 1.8.0. Versions of Idol before 1.8.0 do not contain the ability to support courses.

For Windows systems, install version 1.8.0 of the Idol system from the developers’ website. Link: http://lpm.org.ru/kumir2/files/1.8.0/kumir-1.8.0.rev2565-windows-32bit-setup.exe
Versions of Idol before 1.8.0 do not contain the “Course Support Module”, so version 1.8.0 is needed.

Launch of the IPC

To open the IPC window, use the Idol system menu “Tools” - “Workshop”.

Archive of tasks for performer Robot

Tasks for the Robot performer (0-16) are performed using the MPC. You need to download the archive with tasks, open the file from the IPC vodoley.kurs.xml or robot.kurs.xml. This xml file contains descriptions of tasks, task conditions, links to algorithm templates, examples of starting conditions for testing, testing algorithms.

The student should save the course in his/her working directory in a file named e.g. ivanov.work.xml. This file stores the texts of solutions created by the student and the results of checking his problems. Subsequently, the student must open his own working file *.work.xml.

In the examples of starting situations, the letter “A” denotes the cell where the robot is located before the algorithm is executed, the letter “B” denotes the cell into which the robot must be moved, and the asterisks in the lower right corner indicate the cells that the robot must paint over.

Instructions for completing tasks

For students to complete assignments at home and transfer completed assignments to school, there is

KuMir is a software solution created by NIISI RAS specifically to help high school students learn the basics of programming and test their skills in workshops. The full name of this system is the Set of Educational Worlds. It consists of several components. The first, called “Standard,” offers a traditional set of tasks and training materials. The second, with the prefix "Pro", complements the "Standard" with additional courses. There are also versions of the software for high schools and for teachers.

Purpose

The software solution is used in computer science lessons. It implements a school algorithmic language, which is a kind of analogue of the syntax of old programming languages ​​like Pascal or Basic. Code structures are denoted in Cyrillic, which makes it much easier for students to understand the logic of performing certain operations. There is also some kind of compiler and interpreter, which the developers named Robot and Draftsman.

Each task consists of theoretical and practical parts. For some lessons, visualization of the result is provided, thanks to which you can clearly understand the impact of changes made to the code. All available lessons are structured into separate courses.

When performing particularly large tasks, KuMir allows you to save unfinished programs in its own KUM format. You cannot execute them in a Windows environment, but this can be done using standard software tools. In general, the developers tried to split the work on large projects into several stages. They also introduced into KuMir a function that constantly monitors the correctness of the entered code, and a special assistant that displays the values ​​of logical expressions and the results of assignment operations on a separate panel.

You can download and use the system completely free of charge. It can be installed on an unlimited number of educational computers. By the way, in addition to the version for Windows, KuMir also has a version for UNIX systems.

The most important

• approved by the Ministry of Education as educational material for computer science lessons in high schools;
• uses its own code syntax written in Cyrillic;
• divides available training materials into individual courses;
• allows teachers to conduct workshops;
• distributed under the free GNU 2.0 license;
• has a rather pragmatic interface.